Li-ion batteries - Development and perspectives

Thanks to improved performance and lower manufacturing costs, lithium batteries originally marketed in 1991 by SONY to power portable equipment now play a key role in the expected massive development of electric mobility. Connected to the power grid via the electrified vehicles in which they will be onboard, lithium batteries will also be used as a massive buffer for renewable energy, as well as network support tools (erasure of peak hours, frequency regulation, etc.), allowing, beyond their primary function (ensuring the mobility of the vehicle), to increase their usefulness. These developments will profoundly transform our societies, and will allow not only to significantly reduce CO2 emissions and the consumption of fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal), but also, if they are conducted and coordinated effectively, contribute to economic growth. The development of electric mobility thus offers a unique opportunity to match legitimate environmental protection requirements with industrial development objectives. The purpose of this book is to provide the reader an overview of lithium battery technologies, current initiatives around the world, and some perspectives for the future. Researchers at the CEA and the CNRS, the authors of this book have, all, an expertise based on several years of experience in the development of lithium battery systems and post-lithium-ion systems, on all the elements of the value chain, from the design and synthesis of electrode materials to the integration into the vehicle.