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Genomics and proteomics are two fundamental disciplines in molecular biology that have revolutionized the way we understand genetic information and protein function. These fields have significantly advanced biomedical research, including ophthalmology, by providing insights into the genetic and molecular basis of eye diseases.
Genomics involves the study of an organism's entire genetic material, including genes, their structures, functions, and variations. It helps scientists understand hereditary traits, genetic predispositions, and disease mechanisms. By utilizing techniques such as whole-genome sequencing and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), researchers can identify genetic mutations responsible for various diseases, including inherited ocular disorders.
